How to distinguish logging per Client or Request in Java? Use MDC or Mapped Diagnostic Context in Log4j Example

The MDC or Mapped Diagnostic Context is a concept or feature of the Log4j logging library which can be used to group related log messages together. For example, by using MDC you can stamp a unique identification String like clientId or orderId on each log message, and then by using grep command in Linux, you can extract all log messages for a particular client or order to understand exactly what happened to a particular order. This is especially very useful in multi-threaded, concurrent Java applications where multiple threads are simultaneously processing multiple orders from multiple clients.  In such applications, searching for relevant log messages in a big log file where log messages for multiple orders or clients are overlapping is a big task.

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